Ratchet-wrench.



F. BISGH. RATOHET WRENCH.

APPLIOATION FILED SEPT. 30, 1912.

Patented May 20, 1913.

a awe/Mex Floyd Bis ck COLUMBIA PLANOURAPH (JD-.WASHINGTON, D. c.

F. BISGH.

BATGHET WRENGH.

urmounm FILED SEPT. 30, 1912.

1,062,140. Patented May 20, 1913.

2 SHEETSSHBET 2.

COLUMBIA PLANOGRA 1 I m w FLOYD BISQH, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

RATCHET-WRENCH.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 20, 1913.

Application filed September 30, 1912. Serial No. 723,125.

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, FLOYD BISCI-I, a cit-izen of the United States, residing at Philadelphia, in the county of Philadelphia and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Ratchetrenches, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in ratchet wrenches, and more particularly to wrenches to be used 011 large nuts such as are used in bridge construction, the object of the invention being to provide a wrench of this character which can be used to either screw up or unscrew a nut,

A further object is toprovide a wrench having a rotary head provided with two circular series of oppositely disposed teeth and a pawl for each series, together with means. for holding either of the pawls out of engagement with its ratchet teeth when the other pawl is in engagement.

A further object is to provide means for allowing the wrench to be used with different sized nuts and meansfor clamping the nut in the wrench.

l Vith these and other objects in view, the invention consists in certain novel features of construction and combinations and arrangements of parts as will be more fully hereinafter described and pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 is a view in elevation of my improved wrench. Fig. 2 is a view in elevation at right angles to Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a View in section on the line 3-3 of Fig. 2. Fig. Q is a view in section on the line 4-4 of Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a view in section of the nut receiving member showing an angular collar clamped therein to be used with a small size nut, and Fig. 6 is a view in sect-ion on the line 66 of Fig. 4.

1 represents a handle secured in a sleeve 2 by a set screw 3, thesleeve forming part of a casting 4:. The lower end of the casting forms half of a bearing 5 and the other half 6 of the bearing is secured to part 5 by means of bolts 7 and nuts 8, the bolts passing through registering openings in ears 9 and 10. Rollers 11 are mounted in the bearing 5 and form a roller bearing for a journal 12 having an annular flange 13 on one end. The journal 12 is integral with a rotary head 14:- having two circular series of oppositely disposed ratchet teeth 15 and 16 respectively thereon. This head 14: also has an angular portion 17 with an angular nut receiving opening 18 therein, and this portion 17 is on the side of the ratchet teeth opposite the journal 12. An enlargement 19 on the casting 4 is directly over the ratchet teeth and has a recess 20 therein to receive'the enlarged heads 21 of the reversely disposed pawls 22 and 23 respectively, which are held by the bolt 27.

It will be noted that the holes 35 in the pawls are appreciably greater in diameter than the bolt 27 so that when pressure is applied upon the pawls they are pressed against the walls of the recess and the bolt does not sustain the strain. In other words the walls of the recess receive the entire pressure against the pawls in the operation of turning the nuts and the bolt simply keeps the pawls in proper relation to the other parts.

Fyes 24 are secured to opposite sides of the enlargement 19 and other eyes 25 are secured to the pawls 22 and 23 respectively. A'spring 26 is secured to each of the eyes 24, and at its free end has a hook 26 This hook 26 is adapted to be caught in the eye 25 and hold the pawl out of engagement with the ratchet teeth.

In the angular portion 17 of the rotary head 14: are two screw-threaded openings 28 and 29 respectively. In the opening 28, a set screw 30 is positioned and serves to clamp the nut in the opening 18. If the opening 18 is so large that the nut will not fit securely therein, an angular spacing collar 31 is placed in the opening and clamped therein by a set screw 32 positioned in the opening 29. \Vhen this is the case, the collar 31 will have a threaded opening 33 in one side registering with the opening 28 to receive the set screw 30, so that the nut will be clamped in the wrench whether the collar 31 is needed or not;

When the wrench is in operation, one of the pawls is in engagement with the series of ratchet teeth and the other pawl out of engagement as clearly seen in Fig. 1, it be ing dependent of course whether a nut is to be screwed up or unscrewed which one of the pawls is in engagement.

An eye bolt 34 is screwed in the part 6 of bearing 5 to allow the wrench to be easily handled. This wrench is especially adapted for use with large size nuts such as are used in bridge construction, but I would have it understood that I do not limit myself in this respect as the wrench might be made for use on smaller work and be equally etficient.

Various slight changes might be made in the general form and arrangement of parts described without departing from my invention and hence I do not limit myself to the precise details set forth, but consider myself at liberty to make such changes and alterations as fairly fall within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

Having thus described my inventiomwhat Ia claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is: i

l. A wrench of the character described, comprising a rotary head having a nut receiving opening therein, two circular series of oppositely disposed ratchet teeth integral with the head, a ournal integral with the head, a casting, a bearing at one end of the casting, a roller mounted in the bearing and supporting the said journal, a sleeve at the other end of the casting, a handle secured in the sleeve, an enlargement on the casting directly over the ratchet teeth and having a recess therein, pawls, and heads on the pawls pivotally secured in the recess, substantially as described.

2. A wrench of the character described, comprising a rotary head having a nut receiving opening therein, two circular series of oppositely disposed ratchet teeth integral with the head, a journal integral with the head, a casting, a bearing at one end of the casting supporting the said journal, a handle at the other end of the casting, an enlargement on the casting directly over the ratchet teeth, gravity actuated, oppositely disposed pawls pivotally secured in the enlargement, an eye on either side of the enlargement, an eye on each pawl, a spring secured to each eye on the enlargement and each spring having a hook at its free end adapted to engage an eye on a pawl and hold the pawl out of engagement with the ratchet teeth, substantially as described.

3. A wrench of the character described, comprising a rotary head having a circular series of ratchet teeth thereon, of a member mounted to oscillate on the rotary head, said member having a recess therein, a pawl engaging the ratchet teeth, said pawl at one end positioned in the recess, and a pin proj ected across the recess and through an opening' in the pawl appreciably larger than the pin, whereby when pressure is applied upon the pawl by the movement of the oscillating member, the end of the pawl will bear against the wall of the recess, substantially as described.

4:. A wrench of the character described, comprsing a rotary head having a nut receiving opening therein, two circular series of oppositely disposed ratchet teeth integral with the head, a journal integral with the head, a casting, a bearing at one end of the casting supporting the said journal, a handle at the other end of the casting, an en largement on the casting directly over the ratchet teeth, and having a recess therein, gravity actuated, oppositely disposed pawls, heads on the pawls having openings therein, and a bolt positioned in the openings and secured in the enlargement, forming a pivot for the pawls,'said openings larger than the bolt and said recess larger than the heads, whereby the pressure on the pawls is received by the enlargement, substantially as described.

5. A wrench of the character described, comprising a rotary head having anut receiving opening therein, two circular series of oppositely disposed ratchet teeth integral with the head, a journal integral with the head, a casting, a bearing at one end of the casting supporting the said journal, a handle at the other end of the casting, an en largement on the casting directly over the ratchet teeth, and having a recess therein, gravity actuated, oppositely disposed pawls, heads on the pawls having openings therein, and a bolt positioned in the openings and secured in the enlargement, forming a pivot for the pawls, said openings larger than the bolt and said recess larger than the heads, whereby the pressure on the pawls is received by the enlargement, one of said pawls being always in engagement with one series of teeth, and means for holding either pawl out of engagement, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

' FLOYD BISCH.

Witnesses:

C. R. ZIEGLER, S. Fos'rER.

Copies 0! this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents. Washington, D. C. 

